Creating nano-PeLEDs, however, was no simple task. Perovskite materials are notoriously fragile and susceptible to damage during conventional photolithographic processes used to pattern LED displays. To overcome this, the research team developed a novel fabrication method involving lithographically patterned windows in an insulating layer. This technique protects the delicate perovskite material while preserving high image quality.

They’re creating a whole display panel, not individual components.