“The new device is built from arrays of resistive random-access memory (RRAM) cells… The team was able to combine the speed of analog computation with the accuracy normally associated with digital processing. Crucially, the chip was manufactured using a commercial production process, meaning it could potentially be mass-produced.”
Article is based on this paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41928-025-01477-0
Digital systems are built on analog systems, as you observed. A continuous voltage range is reduced to two possible states: high voltage (the upper part of that range) and low voltage (the lower part of that range). Then, we design algorithms that manipulate these high/low voltages that only consider the two possibilities of either being high or low. Since we dont consider what the actual voltages are, just if they are high or low, we are doing digital computing, we are not taking full advantage of the analog potential of the physical objects we are using underneath the sheets.