Imagine the Orange government demanding some delicate data for some political or pretty reason - should provider still comply?

Believe it or not - when legally obligated, even providers like Google and Apple can and do comply.

What if Chinese government does the same?

See above. If a company is operating in China, that company (or branch) has to comply with the local laws. There are no ifs, ands, or buts about it.

Also I might be mistaken, but doesn’t US force providers not to disclose the request to affected party, at least they can?

I wouldn’t be surprised in the slightest if that was the case.

Proton is only required to provide the data if Swiss authorities request it.